[an error occurred while processing this directive] [an error occurred while processing this directive] [an error occurred while processing this directive]
[an error occurred while processing this directive]

Marine Origin Petroleum Geology >

2025 , Vol. 30 >Issue 1: 41 - 58

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.01.004

Research progress on the bioclastic limestone sequence of Cretaceous Cenomanian-Lower Turonian in southeastern Iraq

  • LI Fengfeng ,
  • REN Lixin ,
  • LI Lei ,
  • WAN Yang ,
  • CHEN Haowei
Expand
  • Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development
LI Lei, Engineer, mainly engaged in reservoir development geology. Add: No. 20 Xueyuan Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China. E-mail:

LI Fengfeng, Senior Engineer, mainly engaged in carbonate sedimentology and reservoir geology of carbonate rocks. Add: No. 20 Xueyuan Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China. E-mail:

Received date: 2024-04-15

  Revised date: 2024-08-19

  Online published: 2025-05-13

Fold

Abstract

The Cenomanian-Lower Turonian in southeastern Iraq is characterized by thick bioclastic limestone, with complex stratigraphic structure and nested sequences of different levels. The sequence recognition is important for stratigraphic division and reservoir correlation. Thick bioclastic limestone reservoir is commonly developed by separated waterflooding, and the study of sequences can lay a geological foundation for the division of development units. Taking six giant oilfields as example, all of which developed thick bioclastic limestone as main pay formations in the Cenomanian-Lower Turonian, the sequence schemes of Cenomanian-Lower Turonian are summarized. This paper adopts the scheme of dividing the Cenomanian-Lower Turonian into four of a third-order sequence corresponding to the four maximum flooding surface (K120, K130, K135, and K140). Mechanisms and characteristics of key sequence boundary such as unconformities, leaching and dissolution, thin carbonaceous mudstone, facies transition, facies mutation, maximum flooding surface, and hardground are summarized. Southeastern Iraq is located in the northeastern margin of the Arabian Plate, and during the Cenomanian-Early Turonian it is in a stable passive continental margin environment. This paper uses the quadratic model of classical stratigraphy to study the sequences of thick bioclastic limestone. According to the sequence theory, the sequence model of slightly rimmed carbonate ramp is established based on the depositional setting of Cenomanian-Lower Turonian. Different paleogeographic locations have different water depths during the process of sea-level rise and fall, so carbonate deposition rates and petrological features have different sensitivities to sea-level changes at different location. The water background and paleogeography control the sedimentation of different oilfields in southeastern Iraq. The sequence and depositional evolution are therefore revealed. Through elucidating the mechanism of sequence, and the effects of sequence order and sequence boundary on bioclastic limestone reservoirs are clarified. The effects of sea-level fall magnitude, exposure span and climate on formation structure, lithology and physical properties are illustrated. Typically, the high-order sequences boundary exposes for a long time, and the stratigraphy is weathered to a high degree. In arid climates, soilization and breccia collapse occur, and an unconformable surface can be formed, which is not conducive to improve the physical properties of the reservoir. In humid climates, large-scale leaching and dissolution occur, or thin carbonaceous mudstone can be formed locally. The exposure time of the low-order sequences boundary is short, and the leaching and dissolution occurs without destroying the strata structure, which can form high-quality reservoirs. Finally, problems and development trend in the sequence study of Cenomanian-Early Turonian in southeastern Iraq are pointed out, providing a reference for the separated waterflooding development of thick bioclastic limestone reservoir.

Key words： bioclastic limestone; sequence; sedimentary evolution; sequence control reservoir; Cenomanian-Lower Turonian; southeastern Iraq

Cite this article

LI Fengfeng , REN Lixin , LI Lei , WAN Yang , CHEN Haowei . Research progress on the bioclastic limestone sequence of Cretaceous Cenomanian-Lower Turonian in southeastern Iraq[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 2025 , 30(1) : 41 -58 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.01.004

[an error occurred while processing this directive]

References

Publishing order | Descend order by publishing year | Descend order by cited within
[1]
朱日祥, 张水昌, 万博, 等. 新特提斯域演化对波斯湾超级含油气盆地形成的影响[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2023, 50(1): 1-11.

DOI

ZHU Rixiang, ZHANG Shuichang, WAN Bo, et al. Effects of Neo-Tethyan evolution on the petroleum system of Persian Gulf Superbasin[J]. Petroleum exploration and development, 2023, 50(1): 1-11.

DOI

[2]
古强, 邢凤存, 文娇, 等. 碳酸盐工厂研究进展[J]. 沉积学报, 2024, 42(4): 1128-1149.

GU Qiang, XING Fengcun, WEN Jiao, et al. Research progress on carbonate factory[J]. Acta sedimentologica sinica, 2024, 42(4): 1128-1149.

[3]
颜佳新, 孟琦, 王夏, 等. 碳酸盐工厂与浅水碳酸盐岩台地:研究进展与展望[J]. 古地理学报, 2019, 21(2): 232-253.

DOI

YAN Jiaxin, MENG Qi, WANG Xia, et al. Carbonate factory and carbonate platform: progress and prospect[J]. Journal of palaeogeography, 2019, 21(2): 232-253.

DOI

[4]
张宁宁, 何登发, 孙衍鹏, 等. 全球碳酸盐岩大油气田分布特征及其控制因素[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2014, 19(6): 54-65.

ZHANG Ningning, HE Dengfa, SUN Yanpeng, et al. Distribution patterns and controlling factors of giant carbonate rock oil and gas fields worldwide[J]. China petroleum exploration, 2014, 19(6): 54-65.

[5]
周长迁, 张庆春, 杨沛广, 等. 美索不达米亚盆地成藏主控因素分析[J]. 石油实验地质, 2013, 35(3): 296-301.

ZHOU Changqian, ZHANG Qingchun, YANG Peiguang, et al. Main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in Mesopotamia Basin[J]. Petroleum geology & experiment, 2013, 35(3): 296-301.

[6]
SADOONI F N, AQRAWI A A M. Cretaceous sequence stratigraphy and petroleum potential of the Mesopotamian Basin, Iraq[M]// ALSHARHAN A S, SCOTT R W. Middle East models of Jurassic/Cretaceous carbonate systems. Tulsa: SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology, 2000: 315-334.

[7]
宋新民, 李勇, 李峰峰, 等. 中东巨厚复杂碳酸盐岩油藏分层系均衡注水开发技术[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2024, 51(3): 578-587.

DOI

SONG Xinmin, LI Yong, LI Fengfeng, et al. Separate-layer balanced waterflooding development technology for thick and complex carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East[J]. Petroleum exploration and development, 2024, 51(3): 578-587.

[8]
AHMAD K I, HUSSAIN S A, AL-OBAIDI M. Paleoceanographic reconstruction of Upper Cretaceous, black shale succession, Northeastern Iraq using geochemical proxies to indicate paleoredox and paleoenvironment conditions[J]. Diyala journal for pure science, 2018, 14(3): 237-264.

[9]
WANG Huan, SHI Kaibo, MA Yongsheng, et al. Control of depositional and diagenetic processes on the reservoir properties of the Mishrif Formation in the AD Oilfield, central Mesopotamian Basin, Iraq[J]. Marine and petroleum geology, 2021, 132: 105202.

[10]
AQRAWI A A M, GOF J C, HORBURY A D, et al. The petroleum geology of Iraq[M]. Beaconsfield: Scientific Press Ltd., 2010.

[11]
SHERWANI G H M, AQRAWI A A M. Lithosstratigraphy and environmental considerations of Cenomanian-Early Turonian shelf carbonates (Rumaila and Mishrif Formation) of Mesopotamian Basin, Central and Southern Iraq (abastract)[J]. AAPG bulletin, 1987, 71: 5.

[12]
SHARLAND P R. Arabian Plate sequence stratigraphy[M]. Manama: Gulf PetroLink, 2001.

[13]
BROMHEAD A D, VAN BUCHEM F S P, SIMMONS M D, et al. Sequence stratigraphy, palaeogeography and petroleum plays of the Cenomanian-Turonian succession of the Arabian Plate: an updated synthesis[J]. Journal of petroleum geology, 2022, 45(2): 119-161.

[14]
韩海英, 郭睿, 王君, 等. 伊拉克南部白垩系层序格架与沉积特征[J]. 地学前缘, 2023, 30(2): 122-138.

DOI

HAN Haiying, GUO Rui, WANG Jun, et al. Sequence stratigraphic framework and sedimentary evolution of the Cretaceous in Southern Iraq[J]. Earth science frontiers, 2023, 30(2): 122-138.

DOI

[15]
RAZIN P, TAATI F, VAN BUCHEM F S P. Sequence stratigraphy of Cenomanian-Turonian carbonate platform margins (Sarvak Formation) in the high Zagros, SW Iran: an outcrop reference model for the Arabian Plate[J]. Geological Society, London, special publications, 2010, 329(1): 187-218.

[16]
AL-ZAIDY A A H, AL SHWALIAY H S A. Sequence stratigraphy of the Cenomanian-Early Turonian cycle in the selected wells, Southeastern Iraq[J]. Iraqi journal of science, 2018, 59(3C): 1626-1635.

[17]
李峰峰, 叶禹, 郭睿, 等. 伊拉克东南部白垩系塞诺曼阶—土伦阶下部沉积微相与沉积模式[J]. 海相油气地质, 2022, 27(1): 33-44.

LI Fengfeng, YE Yu, GUO Rui, et al. Microfacies and sedimentary model of the Cretaceous Cenomanian-Lower Turonian in Southeastern Iraq[J]. Marine origin petroleum geology, 2022, 27(1): 33-44.

[18]
MEHRABI H, RAHIMPOUR-BONAB H. Paleoclimate and tectonic controls on the depositional and diagenetic history of the Cenomanian-Early Turonian carbonate reservoirs, Dezful Embayment, SW Iran[J]. Facies, 2014, 60(1): 147-167.

[19]
FAROUK S, JAIN S, HOSNY A, et al. Cenomanian-Turonian facies, sequence stratigraphy and sea-level changes from east-central Sinai (Egypt)[J]. Cretaceous research, 2021, 123: 104777.

[20]
JABALLAH J, NEGRA M H, REIJMER J J G. Middle Cenomanian-Turonian sequence stratigraphy of central-southern Tunisia: regional and global control on depositional patterns[J]. Cretaceous research, 2020, 111: 104446.

[21]
MAHDI T A, AQRAWI A A M. Role of facies diversity and cyclicity on the reservoir quality of the mid-Cretaceous Mishrif Formation in the southern Mesopotamian Basin, Iraq[M]// ARMITAGE P J, BUTCHER A R, CHURCHILL J M, et al. Reservoir quality of clastic and carbonate rocks:analysis, modelling and prediction. England: Geological Society of London, 2018: 85-105.

[22]
高计县, 田昌炳, 张为民, 等. 伊拉克鲁迈拉油田Mishrif组碳酸盐岩储层特征及成因[J]. 石油学报, 2013, 34(5): 843-852.

DOI

GAO Jixian, TIAN Changbing, ZHANG Weimin, et al. Characteristics and genesis of carbonate reservoir of the Mishrif Formation in the Rumaila oil field, Iraq[J]. Acta petrolei sinica, 2013, 34(5): 843-852.

DOI

[23]
李峰峰, 郭睿, 刘立峰, 等. 伊拉克M油田白垩系Mishrif组层序构型及储层展布[J]. 沉积学报, 2020, 38(4): 838-850.

LI Fengfeng, GUO Rui, LIU Lifeng, et al. Sequence architecture and reservoir distribution of the Cretaceous Mishrif Formation in M Oilfield, Iraq[J]. Acta sedimentologica sinica, 2020, 38(4): 838-850.

[24]
衣丽萍, 许家铖, 韩海英, 等. 基于沉积相-岩石类型控制的生物碎屑灰岩油藏三维地质建模方法研究:以伊拉克H油田白垩系Mishrif组为例[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2022, 27(2): 150-162.

DOI

YI Liping, XU Jiacheng, HAN Haiying, et al. Research on 3D geological modeling method of bioclastic limestone oil reservoir controlled by sedimentary facies and rock type: a case study of the Cretaceous Mishrif Formation in H Oilfield, Iraq[J]. China petroleum exploration, 2022, 27(2): 150-162.

DOI

[25]
LAZIM A A, ISMAIL M J, MAHDI M M. High resolution sequence stratigraphy of the Mishrif Formation (Cenomanian-Early Turonian) at Zubair Oilfield (Al-Rafdhiah dome), Southern Iraq[J]. Petroleum research, 2024, 9(1): 61-71.

[26]
李峰峰, 郭睿, 宋世琦. 层序格架约束下沉积、成岩作用对岩石物性的控制:以中东A油田白垩系Mishrif组为例[J]. 高校地质学报, 2021, 27(4): 432-443.

LI Fengfeng, GUO Rui, SONG Shiqi. Impacts of the sedimentation and diagenesis on reservoir physical property under the control of sequence: a case study of the Cretaceous Mishrif Formation, an oilfield in the Middle East[J]. Geological journal of China universities, 2021, 27(4): 432-443.

[27]
常少英, 李昌, 陈娅娜, 等. 海相碳酸盐岩储层地震预测技术进展及应用实效[J]. 海相油气地质, 2020, 25(1): 22-34.

CHANG Shaoying, LI Chang, CHEN Yana, et al. Progress and application of seismic prediction technology for marine carbonate reservoir[J]. Marine origin petroleum geology, 2020, 25(1): 22-34.

[28]
余义常, 孙龙德, 宋新民, 等. 厚壳蛤滩沉积成岩特征及对储集层的控制作用: 以伊拉克H油田白垩系Mishrif组为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2018, 45(6): 1007-1019.

DOI

YU Yichang, SUN Longde, SONG Xinmin, et al. Sedimentary diagenesis of rudist shoal and its control on reservoirs: a case study of Cretaceous Mishrif Formation, H Oilfield, Iraq[J]. Petroleum exploration and development, 2018, 45(6): 1007-1019.

[29]
李峰峰, 宋新民, 郭睿, 等. 厚层生物碎屑灰岩油藏隔夹层特征及成因: 以中东地区M油田白垩系Mishrif组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(7): 853-864.

DOI

LI Fengfeng, SONG Xinmin, GUO Rui, et al. Characteristics and genesis of interlayers in thick bioclastic limestone reservoirs: a case study of Cretaceous Mishrif Formation of the M Oilfield in the Middle East[J]. Acta petrolei sinica, 2021, 42(7): 853-864.

DOI

[30]
常嘉, 陈世悦, 鄢继华. 淄博博山地区晚古生代煤系层序地层与聚煤作用[J]. 沉积学报, 2019, 37(5): 968-980.

CHANG Jia, CHEN Shiyue, YAN Jihua. Sequence stratigraphy and coal accumulation in Late Paleozoic coal-bearing strata in Zibo Boshan area[J]. Acta sedimentologica sinica, 2019, 37(5): 968-980.

[31]
彭格林, 张则有, 伍大茂. 泥炭与煤形成环境对比研究现状[J]. 地球科学进展, 1999, 14(3): 247.

PENG Gelin, ZHANG Zeyou, WU Damao. The study status of correlation of peat with coal forming environment[J]. Advance in earth sciences, 1999, 14(3): 247.

[32]
李增学, 吕大炜, 王东东, 等. 多元聚煤理论体系及聚煤模式[J]. 地球学报, 2015, 36(3): 270-281.

LI Zengxue, LV Dawei, WANG Dongdong, et al. The multiple coal-forming theoretical system and its model[J]. Acta geoscientica sinica, 2015, 36(3): 270-281.

[33]
LI Fengfeng, LI Lei, CHEN Jiaheng. Characteristics of high flow zones and a balanced development strategy of a thick bioclastic limestone reservoir in the Mishrif Formation in X Oilfield, Iraq[J]. Energies, 2023, 16(3): 1451.

[34]
SCHOLLE P A, ULMER-SCHOLLE D S. A color guide to the petrography of carbonate rocks:grains, textures, porosity, diagenesis[M]. Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2003.

[35]
代明月, 尹忠雷, 齐永安, 等. 华北板块南缘寒武系苗岭统碳酸盐岩硬底: 缺乏生物扰动背景下的早期海底胶结作用[J]. 地质学报, 2024, 98(7): 2041-2052.

DAI Mingyue, YIN Zhonglei, QI Yongan, et al. Marine carbonate hardgrounds from the Cambrian Miaolingian in southern of North China Plate: early seafloor cementation in the absence of bioturbation[J]. Acta geologica sinica, 2024, 98(7): 2041-2052.

[36]
CHRIST N, IMMENHAUSER A, WOOD R A, et al. Petrography and environmental controls on the formation of Phanerozoic marine carbonate hardgrounds[J]. Earth-science reviews, 2015, 151: 176-226.

[37]
NOÉ S, TITSCHACK J, FREIWALD A, et al. From sediment to rock: diagenetic processes of hardground formation in deep-water carbonate mounds of the NE Atlantic[J]. Facies, 2006, 52(2): 183-208.

[38]
WILSON M A, PALMER T J. A review of evolutionary trends in carbonate hardground communities[J]. The paleontological society special publications, 1990, 5: 137-152.

[39]
BRANDANO M, MATEU-VICENS G, GIANFAGNA A, et al. Hardground development and drowning of a Miocene carbonate ramp (Latium-Abruzzi): from tectonic to paleoclimate[J]. Journal of Mediterranean earth sciences, 2014, 1: 47-56.

[40]
FLÜGEL E. Microfacies of carbonate rocks: analysis, interpretation and application[M]. Berlin: Springer, 2010.

[41]
徐亮, 陈天虎, 高扬, 等. 安徽巢湖三叠系东马鞍山组鸟眼构造成因研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2020, 27(4): 294-301.

DOI

XU Liang, CHEN Tianhu, GAO Yang, et al. Genesis of bird's-eye structure in the Triassic Dongmaanshan Formation in Chaohu, Anhui Province[J]. Earth science frontiers, 2020, 27(4): 294-301.

DOI

[42]
郭沫贞, 文川江, 苑国辉, 等. 三塘湖盆地牛东石炭系火山岩示顶底构造特征、成因及地质意义[J]. 海相油气地质, 2010, 15(3): 74-78.

GUO Mozhen, WEN Chuanjiang, YUAN Guohui, et al. Features, origin and geological significance of geopetal structures in Carboniferous volcanic rocks in Niudong Block, Santanghu Basin[J]. Marine origin petroleum geology, 2010, 15(3): 74-78.

[43]
SLOSS L L, KRUMBEIN W C, DAPPLES E C. Integrated facies analysis[J]. Memoir of the Geological Society of America, 1949, 39(1): 91-123.

[44]
VAIL P R, MITCHUM R M, THOMPSON S. Seismic stratigraphy and global change in sea level, part 3: relative change of sea level from coastal onlap[M]// PAYTON C E. Seismic stratigraphy:applications to hydrocarbon exploration. Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1977: 63-81.

[45]
POSAMENTIER H W, MORRIS W R. Aspects of the stratal architecture of forced regressive deposits[J]. Aspects of the stratal architecture of forced regressive deposits, 2000, 172(1): 19-46.

[46]
WAGONER J C V, MITCHUM R M, CAMPION K M, et al. Siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy in well logs, cores, and outcrops: concepts for high-resolution correlation of time and facies[M]. Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1990.

[47]
李宝庆. 现行层序模型及其标准化[J]. 石油实验地质, 2015, 37(2): 134-140.

LI Baoqing. Current models and standardization of sequence stratigraphy[J]. Petroleum geology and experiment, 2015, 37(2): 134-140.

[48]
HUNT D, TUCKER M E. Stranded parasequences and the forced regressive wedge systems tract: deposition during base-level fall[J]. Sedimentary geology, 1992, 81(1/2): 1-9.

[49]
HUNT D, TUCKER M E. Stranded parasequences and the forced regressive wedge systems tract: deposition during base-level fall-reply[J]. Sedimentary geology, 1995, 95(1/2): 147-160.

[50]
李绍虎, 贾丽春. 层序地层学四分模型的非周期性与层序边界调整[J]. 沉积学报, 2011, 29(1): 105-117.

LI Shaohu, JIA Lichun. Adjustment to non-periodicity and sequence boundary in four-divided model of sequence stratigraphy[J]. Acta sedimentologica sinica, 2011, 29(1): 105-117.

[51]
CATUNEANU O. Principles of sequence stratigraphy[M]. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2006.

[52]
GALLOWAY W E. Genetic stratigraphic sequence in basin analysis I: architecture and genesis of flooding-surface bounded depositional units[J]. AAPG bulletin, 1989, 73(2): 125-142.

[53]
EMBRY A F, JOHANNESSEN E P. T-R sequence stratigraphy, facies analysis and reservoir distribution in the uppermost Triassic-Lower Jurassic succession, western Sverdrup Basin, Arctic Canada[J]. Norwegian Petroleum Society special publications, 1992, 2: 121-146.

[54]
CROSS T A. High-resolution stratigraphic correlation from the perspective of base-level cycles and sediment accommodation[C]// Proceeding of Northwestern European Sequence Stratigraphy Congress. Holland: Elsevier, 1994: 105-123.

[55]
POSAMENTIER H W, JERVEY M T, VAIL P R. Eustatic control on clastic deposition I-conceptual framework[M]// WILGUSC K, HASTINGSB S, POSAMENTIERH, et al. Sea-level changes:an integrated approach. Tulsa: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 1988: 109-124.

[56]
CATUNEANU O. Scale in sequence stratigraphy[J]. Marine and petroleum geology, 2019, 106: 128-159.

DOI

[57]
陈培元. 古地貌对伊拉克米桑油田群Mishrif组储层质量的影响[J]. 中国海上油气, 2021, 33(6): 119-129.

CHEN Peiyuan. Influence of paleogeomorphology on reservoir quality of Mishrif Formation, Missan Oilfields, Iraq[J]. China offshore oil and gas, 2021, 33(6): 119-129.

[58]
韩海英, 田中元, 徐振永, 等. 伊拉克W油田白垩系生物碎屑灰岩储层高渗层成因及分布规律[J]. 海相油气地质, 2022, 27(3): 261-270.

HAN Haiying, TIAN Zhongyuan, XU Zhenyong, et al. Genesis and distribution of high permeable streaks of the Cretaceous bioclastic limestone reservoir in W Oilfield, Iraq[J]. Marine origin petroleum geology, 2022, 27(3): 261-270.

[59]
乔占峰, 孙圆辉, 曹鹏, 等. 巨厚灰岩油藏中隔夹层与高渗层成因与发育规律: 以伊拉克H油田Mishrif组为例[J]. 海相油气地质, 2022, 27(1): 71-83.

QIAO Zhanfeng, SUN Yuanhui, CAO Peng, et al. Genesis and development law of barrier and baffles and high permeable streak in the massive bioclastic reservoir: a case study of the Upper Cretaceous Mishrif Formation in H Oilfield, Iraq[J]. Marine origin petroleum geology, 2022, 27(1): 71-83.

[60]
余义常, 宋新民, 林敏捷, 等. 伊拉克H油田Mishrif组下段隔夹层特征及开发策略[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 47(2): 1-12.

YU Yichang, SONG Xinmin, LIN Minjie, et al. Characteristics and development strategies of interlayers in the lower member of Mishrif Formation in H Oilfield, Iraq[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (edition of natural science), 2023, 47(2): 1-12.

[61]
NEWPORT R, SEGURA M, REDFERN J, et al. The interaction of tectonics,climate and eustasy in controlling dolomitization: a case study of Cenomanian-Turonian, shallow marine carbonates of the Iberian Basin[J]. Sedimentology, 2020, 67(5): 2223-2247.

[62]
余义常, 郭睿, 李峰峰, 等. 层序地层级次对生物碎屑灰岩沉积演化的控制作用: 以中东X油田Mishrif组中下段为例[J]. 海相油气地质, 2024, 29(1): 57-70.

YU Yichang, GUO Rui, LI Fengfeng, et al. Controlling effects of sequence stratigraphic orders on sedimentary evolution of bioclastic limestone:a case study of middle-lower section of Mishrif Formation in the Middle East X Oilfield[J]. Marine origin petroleum geology, 2024, 29(1): 57-70.

[63]
毛先宇, 宋本彪, 田昌炳. 层序界面控制下差异早成岩作用对碳酸盐岩储层的影响: 以伊拉克R油田Mishrif组为例[J]. 断块油气田, 2022, 29(3): 344-352.

MAO Xianyu, SONG Benbiao, TIAN Changbing. Effect of differential early diagenesis controlled by sequence boundary on carbonate reserviors: a case study of Mishrif Formation in R Oilfield, Iraq[J]. Fault-block oil and gas field, 2022, 29(3): 344-352.

[64]
陈培元, 段晓梦, 郭丽娜, 等. 伊拉克米桑油田群中白垩统Mishrif组岩溶特征及作用模式[J]. 中国海上油气, 2017, 29(2): 46-52.

CHEN Peiyuan, DUAN Xiaomeng, GUO Lina, et al. Karst characteristics and karstification model in the Mid-Cretaceous Mishrif Formation of Missan Oilfields, Iraq[J]. China offshore oil and gas, 2017, 29(2): 46-52.

[65]
李峰峰, 王振彪, 郭睿, 等. 伊拉克M油田Mishrif组生物扰动作用[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 45(2): 21-30.

LI Fengfeng, WANG Zhenbiao, GUO Rui, et al. Bioturbation of Mishrif Formation in M Oilfield, Iraq[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (edition of natural science), 2021, 45(2): 21-30.

[66]
常嘉, 陈世悦, 王琼, 等. 陆表海背景下障壁海岸体系沉积层序及聚煤模式: 以渤海湾地区晚古生代太原组为例[J]. 煤田地质与勘探, 2021, 49(4): 123-133.

CHANG Jia, CHEN Shiyue, WANG Qiong, et al. Sequence stratigraphy and coal accumulation of barrier coastal system under epicontinental-sea environment: a case study of the Late Paleozoic Taiyuan Formation in Bohai Bay Area[J]. Coal geology & exploration, 2021, 49(4): 123-133.

Options
Outlines

/

〈 〉

[an error occurred while processing this directive]