Available genetic types of marine carbonate reservoirs in China chiefly include epidiagenetic paleo-karst reservoirs, carbonate reef-shoal reservoirs and layered dolostone reservoirs. In the globe, the former two are also the common types in marine carbonate oil and gas fields. In China, all of the three types are distributed in Mesozoic and Paleozoic basins in land while the reef-shoal reservoirs mainly developed in Tertiary basins offshore. As for complexity of marine petroleum geology, especially that of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Mesozoic and Paleozoic reservoirs in land, it is put forward that research and exploration should be put on the reef-shoal reservoirs of primary stratigraphic-diagenetic traps to which prospecting and recognizing degree are rather low. Paleo-karst limestone reservoirs are usually intensively heterogeneneous while preservation conditions of hydrocarbon in dolostone reservoirs commonly depend on available cap rocks and structural traps, which maybe bring to more challenges to exploration. As to great potential oil-gas resources in marine sedimentary rocks and low-mature exploration in China, it is suggested further to carry through the research and exploration to marine oil-gas resources, including those in chief basins such as Tarim, Sichuan, Ordos and Qiangtang basins as well as those in South China Sea, especially should pay regard for the basic research of petroleum geology dealing with sequence stratigraphy, lithofacies paleogeography mapping and others.