A series of significant discoveries from Sinian to Jurassic in multiple target layers exploration has exhibited great prospect of petroleum exploration in Tarim Basin. Comparing the present discoveries in the eastern basin with those in the western basin， it is shown that most of the oil and gas fields distribute around Mangar Sag in the eastern basin. Some workloads of exploration were put but no large oil or gas field has discovered around Awati Sag in western basin. Information from well logs，cores and outcrops reveals fine oil and gas source conditions around Awati Sag. The Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate rock and Silurian-Triassic clastic rock are all the noticeable target layers. For the carbonate reservoirs， it has not only the paleo-geography background of the reef-shoal but also thermal liquid condition; while for the clastic rock reservoirs， fault may be the key to trap oil and gas. It is necessary to further study systematically and evaluate entirely the prospects of areas around Awati Sag in aspects of source rock evolution， resource potential， reservoir distribution and the main controlling factors.