The Upper Ordovician carbonate reservoir in Tazhong-ⅠSlop-Break Zone of Tarim Basin is a favorable zone of hydrocarbon accumulation. The characteristics of the carbonate reservoir that obviously influence and control, in whole and local, on distribution of hydrocarbon in this zone is discussed from three aspects including depositional facies, physical properties and types of the reservoir. It is indicated that the sedimentary area of framework reefs, the area of high-valued physical properties and the development area of porous reservoirs are the main range of high oil and gas productivity wells.