Donghetang Oil Field is located in the Donghetang Fracture Belt of Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin. It is the first marine sandstone oil field that has been discovered in China. The field is discovered in June, 1990 as high yield oil was drilled out at the Carboniferous Donghe Sandstone in Well DH-1. It held the total proved oil and gas geologic reserves in-place of 33.2313×106t and 1559×106m3, respectively in 1994 and it has yielded 8.2575×106t of crude oil in total till the end of 2009. The Carboniferous Donghe Sandstone Member is a thick set of good deep-buried anticlinal littoral sand body reservoir with high abundance of reserves. The history and experience of exploration and exploitation as well as the technology, methods and theory that succeed in oil exploration are reviewed in detail.