After nearly ten years of construction and development, the CNPC Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoir has preliminarily developed five technical series, including rock composition & structure analysis, reservoir geochemical experiment, pore formation and distribution simulation, reservoir geological modeling and seismic reservoir prediction based on reservoir geological model, which offers a one-stop solution for carbonate sedimentary & reservoir research. This paper focuses on the technical connotation, technical progress and application of two technical series of rock composition & structure analysis and reservoir geochemical experiment. The analysis of rock composition & structure is the most basic work of carbonate sedimentary & reservoir and provides a means for further study of sedimentary & reservoir. The reservoir geochemical experiment mainly includes isotope and element geochemical detection, which has been widely applied in the research of carbonate reservoir genesis and distribution. The laser-ablation U-Pb isotopic dating, carbonate clumped isotope analysis, laser carbon and oxygen isotope online analysis and laser trace-rare earth element mapping are the core techniques of the reservoir geochemical experiment developed in recent years, reflecting technical development trend from whole rock to in-site to mapping in reservoir geochemistry.