早期海相碳酸盐胶结物特征、成因及古环境意义

葛毓柱; 翟常博; 丁茜

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2026.03.001

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海相油气地质 ›› 2026, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3) : 211-222. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2026.03.001

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早期海相碳酸盐胶结物特征、成因及古环境意义

葛毓柱 ¹^,² ,
翟常博 ¹^,³ ,
丁茜 ¹^,³

作者信息 +

Characteristics, genesis, and paleoenvironmental significance of early marine carbonate cements

GE Yuzhu ¹^,² ,
ZHAI Changbo ¹^,³ ,
DING Qian ¹^,³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

早期海相碳酸盐胶结物是海相碳酸盐沉积体系的重要组成部分，不仅记录了关键的古海水化学信息和早期成岩过程，而且对碳酸盐岩储层的形成与演化具有重要影响。鉴于我国相关研究相对有限，以及海相碳酸盐岩储层在资源勘探中的重要意义，系统梳理并综合分析了国内外关于早期海相碳酸盐胶结物的研究成果，总结了其时空分布特征、形态特征、矿物组成及主要控制因素。研究表明，早期海相碳酸盐胶结物在古今碳酸盐沉积体系中普遍发育，原始矿物组成以文石和高镁方解石为主，常见形态包括针状、纤维状、柱状和粒状等。胶结物的矿物类型及形态演化主要受海水Mg/Ca值、CO₃²⁻、磷酸盐离子、SO₄²⁻、有机质、温度、盐度、沉积物基底及晶体习性等多种因素的综合控制。早期海相胶结作用通过改变原始沉积物孔隙结构增强岩石骨架的稳定性，对碳酸盐岩储层孔隙的保存及后期成岩演化具有重要影响。深入认识早期海相碳酸盐胶结物的形成特征及其控制因素，有助于深化对碳酸盐沉积-成岩过程的理解，揭示储层形成与演化规律，并为碳酸盐岩油气勘探提供重要的理论依据。

Abstract

Early marine carbonate cements are an important component of marine carbonate depositional systems. They record key information on paleo-seawater chemistry and early diagenetic processes and play a significant role in the formation and evolution of carbonate reservoirs. Considering the limited research conducted in China and the great resource potential of marine carbonate reservoirs, this study systematically reviews and synthesizes previous studies on early marine carbonate cements worldwide. Their spatial and temporal distribution, morphological characteristics, mineral compositions, and major controlling factors are summarized. Previous studies indicate that early marine carbonate cements are widely developed in both ancient and modern carbonate depositional systems. Their primary mineral compositions are mainly aragonite and high-Mg calcite, and their common morphologies include acicular, fibrous, columnar, granular and others. The mineralogical and morphological evolution of these cements is mainly controlled by multiple factors, including seawater Mg/Ca ratio, CO₃²⁻, phosphate ions, SO₄²⁻, organic matter, temperature, salinity, sediment substrate, and crystal habits. Early marine cementation can significantly modify the pore structure of primary sediments and enhance the stability of the rock framework, thereby exerting an important influence on pore preservation and subsequent diagenetic evolution of carbonate reservoirs. A comprehensive understanding of the formation characteristics and controlling factors of early marine carbonate cements is crucial for revealing carbonate sedimentation-diagenesis processes and reservoir formation mechanisms, and it provides important theoretical guidance for hydrocarbon exploration in carbonate reservoirs.

导出引用

葛毓柱, 翟常博, 丁茜. 早期海相碳酸盐胶结物特征、成因及古环境意义[J]. 海相油气地质. 2026, 31(3): 211-222 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2026.03.001

GE Yuzhu, ZHAI Changbo, DING Qian. Characteristics, genesis, and paleoenvironmental significance of early marine carbonate cements[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology. 2026, 31(3): 211-222 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2026.03.001

中图分类号： TE122.2

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