火山机构类型划分是建立其与储层关系的重要基础。通过系统梳理各种分类方案的定义和内涵，结合不同火山机构类型对孔渗特征的影响，探寻适合储层研究的分类方案。研究取得如下认识：①火山机构类型划分主要根据外形、岩性和地层结构等3种要素。其中按岩性划分的类型比较繁多，但与储层的对应性欠佳。按地层结构划分的类型比较少，却与储层具有良好的对应性。②储层物性从好到差依次为似层状、层状、块状-似层状和块状火山机构。③在勘探早期，建议采用基于地层结构的分类方案，有利于利用地震资料识别有利储层分布；在勘探中后期或油气藏评价开发阶段，则可兼顾岩性和叠置关系进行分类。上述认识为火山岩油气藏高效勘探提供了理论依据与实践参考。

The classification of volcanic edifices is an important foundation for establishing the relationship between volcanic edifices and reservoirs. By systematically reviewing the definitions and connotations of various classification schemes, and integrating the influences of different volcanic edifice types on porosity-permeability characteristics, this study explores a classification scheme suitable for reservoir research. The following insights are obtained: (1) Volcanic edifice types are primarily classified based on three factors: morphology, lithology, and stratigraphic architecture. Among these, schemes based on lithology yield numerous types but show poor correspondence with reservoirs, whereas schemes based on stratigraphic architecture yield fewer types but demonstrate good correspondence with reservoirs. (2) Reservoir physical properties, in order from best to poorest, are successively layered-like, layered, massive-layered-like, and massive volcanic edifices. (3) In the early exploration stage, it is recommended to adopt the classification scheme based on stratigraphic architecture, as it facilitates the identification of favorable reservoir distribution by using seismic data. In the mid-late exploration stage or during the reservoir evaluation and development stage, classification can take both lithology and superimposed relationships into account. These findings provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for the efficient exploration of volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs.