近源成藏(近地生成就地储集)是生物礁油气藏的主要成藏模式,生物礁可构成有利储集空间,其上下左右相邻地层的泥页岩或碳酸盐岩作为其优质烃源岩和盖层.根据烃源岩与礁的相对位置及其组合关系,可将生物礁近源成藏模式划分为单源生烃型和多源生烃型两大类,共6种类型.单源生烃型只含一套烃源岩,包括盖生型、侧生型和下生型3种类型；多源生烃型包含两套及两套以上烃源岩,目前只发现侧生-盖生型、侧生-顶生型和上下共生型3种类型.分析了烃源与储层配置关系对生物礁油气藏勘探的影响,认为只有礁体周围的地层具备良好的烃源条件和盖层条件时,才有利于生物礁的成藏,生物礁远源成藏是非常少见的.

The source-proximal accumulation is a common model of hydrocarbon accumulation for reef reservoirs. The source-distal accumulation is seldom. Organic reefs can provide favorable space for reservoir and the proximate argillaceous shale and/or carbonate rock around the reefs can act as good source rock and/or cap rock. The model of source-proximal accumulation includes two types, the single sourced and the multiple sourced. The former means there is only a single set of source rock in it and the latter means there are two or more sets of source rock. The relationship of hydrocarbon sources and reservoirs and the affection of it on exploration are discussed. It is believed that it would be favorable to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in reef reservoirs only if good source and sealing conditions existed in the strata around reefs.