砂体内部建筑结构(构型)控制了储层非均质性,进一步控制着油水运动规律.尤其在油气田开发中后期,砂体构型的精细解释是明确剩余油气分布规律及指导油气田进一步高效开发的关键.以东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷X气田始新统平湖组2号砂组为例,基于少井条件,以地震沉积学与构型分析理论为指导,采用聚类分析地震属性融合与深度学习地震属性融合相结合的方法,对河流相储层进行砂体构型精细解释.结果表明:单一地震属性与井点砂岩厚度的相关性较差,多种地震属性的聚类融合一定程度上可以提高砂体预测能力,但其所反映的砂体边界模糊不清.在聚类分析地震属性融合的基础上,通过建立虚拟井增加深度学习的样本数量,进而采用深度学习地震属性融合方法,对15种地震属性进行无差融合,有效提高了砂体预测及河道边界刻画的能力,消除了聚类地震属性融合图中的异常高值区.明确了研究区平湖组2号砂组河道型砂体5级、4级构型的平面展布特征以及井间砂体叠置关系:2号砂组单一河道呈曲流特征展布,弯曲指数为1.63,砂体以侧向切叠为主,宽度为150～480 m,点坝跨度为154～366 m.

The internal architecture of sand body controls reservoir heterogeneity and further controls the movement law of oil and water. Especially in the middle and late stage of oil and gas field development, fine interpretation of sand body architecture is the key to clarify the distribution law of remaining oil and gas and guide the further efficient development of oil and gas fields. Taking the No. 2 sand group of Eocene Pinghu Formation of X gas field in Xihu Sag, Donghai Shelf Basin as an example, based on few well conditions, we make a fine interpretation of sand body architecture of fluvial reservoir guided by the theory of seismic sedimentology and architecture analysis. In this process, we apply the method of combining the seismic attributes fusion based on cluster analysis and the seismic attributes fusion based on deep learning. This study shows that the correlation between single seismic attribute and well point sandstone thickness is poor. The fusion of multiple seismic attributes can improve the ability of sand body prediction to a certain extent, but the predicted sand body boundary is not clear. Based on the conventional attribute fusion, we increase the number of samples for deep learning by establishing some virtual wells in regular grid, and further apply the deep learning seismic attribute fusion method to fuse 15 kinds of seismic attributes without difference. The deep learning of seismic integrated attributes effectively improves the ability of sand body prediction and channel boundary characterization, and eliminates the abnormal high value areas in the seismic attributes fusion map based on cluster analysis. The plane distribution and superposition relationship of the fifth-order and fourth-order channel sand body architecture of No. 2 sand group of Pinghu Formation are defined. The single channel of the No. 2 sand group in X gas field is characterized by meandering distribution, with bending index of 1.63, width of 150-480 m and point dam span of 154-366 m. This set of ideas and methods can be effectively promoted in areas with wide coverage of seismic data, but few well and uneven distribution.