0 前言
1 区域沉积背景
2 岩石学特征
2.1 岩石类型
图2 塔中东部巴楚组生屑灰岩段典型岩心及薄片特征Fig. 2 Characteristics of typical cores and thin sections of the bioclastic limestone memberof the Carboniferous Bachu Formation in eastern Tazhong area, Tarim Basin |
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崔仕提,高级工程师,主要从事油气田开发研究工作。通信地址:841000 新疆维吾尔自治区库尔勒市石化大道26号;E-mail: cuishiti-tlm@petrochina.com.cn |
Copy editor: 董庸
收稿日期: 2024-12-24
修回日期: 2025-05-06
网络出版日期: 2025-07-29
基金资助
中国石油天然气集团有限公司基础性前瞻性重大科技专项“叠合盆地中下组合油气成藏与保持机制研究”(2023ZZ02)
Sequence stratigraphic framework and its control on sedimentation and reservoir formation of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate rocks under marine-terrestrial transitional setting: a case study of the Carboniferous Bachu bioclastic limestone member in eastern Tazhong area, Tarim Basin
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CUI Shiti, Senior Engineer, primarily engaged in research on oil and gas field development. Add: No. 26 Petrochemical Avenue, Korla, Xinjiang 841000, China. E-mail: cuishiti-tlm@petrochina.com |
Received date: 2024-12-24
Revised date: 2025-05-06
Online published: 2025-07-29
针对塔里木盆地塔中东部巴楚组生屑灰岩段层序架构不明确、沉积演化规律不清晰的核心问题,基于丰富的岩心、薄片、测井及地球化学等数据资料,深入分析了生屑灰岩段的岩石学特征,构建了生屑灰岩段的层序地层结构,并探讨了其控沉控储作用。研究结果显示:①塔中东部生屑灰岩段为海陆过渡背景下的混积碳酸盐岩,主要由泥晶—粉晶灰(白云)岩、砂屑—砾屑灰(白云)岩、混积岩及过渡岩性组成,陆源碎屑含量相对较高。岩性分布呈现出明显的垂向分段和平面分带特征。②生屑灰岩段与下伏东河砂岩段、下泥岩段及上覆中泥岩段共同构成了一个完整的三级层序;生屑灰岩段本身为一个完整的海进-海退序列,中亚段沉积时期水体相对最深。③海平面升降旋回对沉积微相的演化和成岩作用类型具有决定性影响。下亚段和上亚段沉积水体较浅,以蒸发潮坪相潮上带的云坪、灰云坪等沉积微相为主;中亚段随着相对海平面升高,发育潮间带高能碳酸盐岩颗粒滩微相,叠加高频旋回暴露的大气淡水溶蚀作用和准同生白云石化作用,可形成优质的储集体。这种白云石化的颗粒滩与发育针孔状结构的云坪构成了塔中东部生屑灰岩段最有利的储集相带,是未来勘探开发的主要目标。
崔仕提 , 张少伟 , 程钊 , 朱茂 , 郑剑锋 , 段军茂 , 邵冠铭 . 海陆过渡背景下混积碳酸盐岩层序地层结构及其控沉控储作用——以塔中东部石炭系巴楚组生屑灰岩段为例[J]. 海相油气地质, 2025 , 30(4) : 313 -325 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.04.003
This study addresses the core issues of unclear sequence architecture and sedimentary evolution patterns of the bioclastic limestone member of the Carboniferous Bachu Formation in eastern Tazhong area, Tarim Basin. Based on a wealth of data, including core, thin section, logging, and geochemical data, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the petrological characteristics of the bioclastic limestone member, construct the sequence stratigraphic framework for this member, and explore its control on sedimentation and reservoir formation. The research findings demonstrate that: (1) The bioclastic limestone member in the eastern Tazhong area represents a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sedimentation within a marine-terrestrial transitional setting, mainly composed of micritic to peloidal limestone/dolomite, calcarenite/doloarenite to calcirudite/doloyunrudite, mixed rocks, and transitional lithologies, with a relatively high content of terrigenous clastics. The distribution of lithologies exhibits distinct vertical segmentation and lateral zonation patterns. (2) Based on variations in lithology and sedimentary facies, the bioclastic limestone member, along with the underlying Donghe sandstone member, the lower mudstone member, and the overlying middle mudstone member, forms a complete three-order sequence. The bioclastic limestone member itself represents a complete transgressive-regressive sequence, with the middle submember recording the relatively deepest marine flooding conditions during deposition. (3) The eustatic cycles exert a decisive influence on the evolution of sedimentary microfacies and diagenetic processes. The lower and upper submembers, deposited in shallow waters, are dominated by supratidal dolomicrite (dolomudstone) facies within evaporitic tidal flats. During relative sea-level rise in the middle submember, high-energy grain shoal complexes developed within intertidal settings, where superimposed high-frequency exposure events drove meteoric dissolution and penecontemporaneous dolomitization, thereby generating high-quality reservoirs with superior storage capacity. These dolomitized grain shoal and dolomicrite flats with pinprick vugs together constitute the most favorable reservoir facies of the bioclastic limestone member in the eastern Tazhong area, Tarim Basin, and represent the primary targets for future exploration and development.
图2 塔中东部巴楚组生屑灰岩段典型岩心及薄片特征Fig. 2 Characteristics of typical cores and thin sections of the bioclastic limestone memberof the Carboniferous Bachu Formation in eastern Tazhong area, Tarim Basin |
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