基于岩石物理建模的页岩气地层压力地震预测方法

石学文; 王畅; 张洞君; 冯艳雯; 王群武; 曾勇坚

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.01.008

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海相油气地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1) : 89-96. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.01.008

勘探技术

基于岩石物理建模的页岩气地层压力地震预测方法

石学文 ¹^,² ,
王畅 ¹^,²^,³ ,
张洞君 ¹^,² ,
冯艳雯 ¹^,² ,
王群武 ⁴ ,
曾勇坚 ⁴

作者信息 +

Seismic prediction method for pore pressure of shale gas formation based on rock physics model

SHI Xuewen ¹^,² ,
WANG Chang ¹^,²^,³ ,
ZHANG Dongjun ¹^,² ,
FENG Yanwen ¹^,² ,
WANG Qunwu ⁴ ,
ZENG Yongjian ⁴

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

通常地层压实背景趋势是直接通过井上趋势拟合得到，往往存在较大的误差，导致地层压力预测不准。四川盆地渝西区块深层页岩气勘探开发有利区的储层中普遍存在地层超压现象，常规的地层压力地震预测方法难以准确地获取地层压实背景趋势。通过实际测井分析，基于岩石物理理论，利用岩石物理模型构建了地层压实背景趋势，有效提高了地层压实背景趋势的建模精度。将岩石物理建模构建的正常压实背景趋势与实测参数代入体积模量方程中，实现了渝西区块地层压力的地震预测。对比结果表明，预测的地层压力参数与多口井的地层压力实测参数较为吻合，取得了良好的应用效果。

Abstract

Seismic prediction of formation pressure is of great significance to the evaluation of powerful gas-producing areas and exploration and development of shale oil and gas reservoirs. The study area of western Chongqing is a favorable area for exploration and development of deep shale gas. The shale gas resources in the area are abundant, and formation overpressure is common in the reservoirs. However, due to complex geological conditions, it is difficult to accurately obtain the formation compaction background trend while using conventional formation pressure seismic prediction methods, making it difficult to properly solve the seismic prediction of formation pressure. Usually, the formation compaction background trend is obtained directly through well trend fitting. The established formation compaction background often has large errors, resulting in inaccurate formation pressure prediction. Therefore, this paper constructs the formation compaction background trend through actual logging analysis, based on rock physics theory and rock physics model, which effectively improves the modeling accuracy of formation compaction background trend. By substituting the normal compaction background trend and measured parameters constructed by petrophysical modeling into the bulk modulus equation, the seismic prediction of formation pressure of the study area of western Chongqing in the Sichuan Basin is achieved, and good application results are achieved. By comparing with the actual drilling measured results, it is found that the predicted formation pressure parameters are consistent with the measured formation pressure parameters of multiple wells, indicating the applicability and accuracy of the method.

导出引用

石学文, 王畅, 张洞君, 等. 基于岩石物理建模的页岩气地层压力地震预测方法[J]. 海相油气地质. 2025, 30(1): 89-96 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.01.008

SHI Xuewen, WANG Chang, ZHANG Dongjun, et al. Seismic prediction method for pore pressure of shale gas formation based on rock physics model[J]. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology. 2025, 30(1): 89-96 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.01.008

中图分类号： TE135

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https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.03.005

摘要

在构造稳定区,页岩气储层超压的成因以生烃增压为主,常规基于欠压实成因的地层压力预测方法并不适合直接应用于页岩气储层的地层压力预测。为此,以Clay-Plus-Silt(CPS)模型为基础,考虑干酪根生烃的影响,基于岩石物理建模的思路,提出了一种新的正常压实速度趋势线构建方法,并结合Eaton方程形成新的页岩气储层地层压力预测模型。该模型能够更好地反映岩性变化对正常压实速度的影响,并且对实测压力数据的要求更低。基于该模型正演得到的正常压实速度,结合高精度叠后波阻抗反演,建立了页岩气储层地震地层压力预测技术流程。四川盆地某页岩气区块实际应用表明,该方法能有效提高页岩气储层钻前地层压力的预测精度。

Huafeng

, HU

, LIN

Zhengliang

. Pore pressure prediction for shale gas reservoirs and its application in the Sichuan Basin, China[J]. Geophysical prospecting for petroleum, 2018, 57(3): 362-368.

https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1441.2018.03.005

本文引用 [2] 摘要

<p> Overpressure in tectonically stable regions of shale gas reservoirs is primarily caused by hydrocarbon generation.Conventional undercompaction-based methods are not applicable in these regions.Based on the Clay-Plus-Silt (CPS) model,along with the hydrocarbon effect,a normal compaction trend (NCT) was constructed using the rock physics modeling approach.The NCT was further combined with Eaton's equation to form a new pressure prediction model for shale reservoirs.This model can better reflect the influence of lithological change on normal compaction velocity with fewer measured pressure data.Combining the normal compaction velocity obtained by forward modeling,using the proposed model,with high-precision poststack impedance inversion,a seismic overpressure prediction workflow for shale gas reservoirs was constructed.Application results of this model from the Sichuan basin of China indicate its superiority in predicting predrill pore pressure.</p>

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