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莺歌海盆地乐东区莺歌海组一段坡折带的砂体展布特征及其对气田挖潜的意义
王玉, 周伟, 兰张健, 叶青, 商建霞, 饶资, 董德喜, 秦莎
海相油气地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3) : 206-216.
PDF(13262 KB)
PDF(13262 KB)
莺歌海盆地乐东区莺歌海组一段坡折带的砂体展布特征及其对气田挖潜的意义
The distribution characteristics of sand bodies in the slope break zone of the 1st member of Yinggehai Formation in Ledong area and its significance to the potential mining of gas fields
莺歌海盆地沉积坡折带南端的乐东气田群，目前已进入开发中后期，精细刻画沉积模式及砂体叠置样式对气田剩余气挖潜具有重要指导意义。基于乐东区莺歌海组一段坡折带的岩石相表征、粒度分析、测井相识别和地震相刻画，精细开展沉积相类型、沉积模式、砂体叠置关系及构型研究。研究区共识别出滨浅海和海底扇2种沉积相类型，其中滨浅海相又可细分为临滨坝、临滨滩、陆架泥等3类沉积微相。建立了3类沉积模式：陆架缓坡上进积型滨浅海滩坝复合沉积模式、斜坡边缘处局部滑塌后充填沉积模式、坡折之下浅海重力流滑塌扇沉积模式。明确了3种成因类型的砂体叠置关系：坡折带之上发育的前积叠置型砂体连通性好；近坡折带位置坝砂滑塌-横向接触叠置砂体之间连通性中等；坡折之下海底扇砂体垂向孤立分布砂体连通性差。近坡折带滑塌再沉积坝砂以及坡折之下海底扇成因砂体为气田未来有利挖潜区。
The Ledong gas field group is located near the slope break zone of the Yinggehai Basin, and the gas field has entered the middle and late stages of development, and it is of great significance to clarify the distribution of residual gas for tapping the remaining potential of the gas field. It is important to conduct research on sedimentary facies types, sedimentary models, sand body stacking relationships, and configurations based on rock facies characterization, grain size analysis, logging facies identification, and seismic facies characterization of the 1st member of Yinggehai Formation.Two types of sedimentary facies are identified in the research area, including littoral-shallow marine, and submarine fan. Among them, the littoral-shallow marine subfacies can be further subdivided into three types of sedimentary microfacies: shoreface bar, shoreface beach, and shelf mud.Three types of sedimentary models have been established: progradational shallow marine beach-bar composite model on the gentle shelf slope; slump-reworked bar-filling depositional model at the slope margin; shallow marine gravity-flow slump fan model below the slope break.Three types of sand body stacking relationships have been identified: progradational stacked sand bodies developed above the slope break zone exhibit good connectivity;laterally contacted stacked sand bodies (formed by slump-reworked bar sands) near the slope break show moderate connectivity;vertically isolated submarine fan sands deposited below the slope break display poor connectivity. The slump-reworked bar sand bodies near the slope break zone and the submarine fan-derived sand bodies below the slope break are identified as the most promising potential targets for future gas field development.
沉积坡折 / 滨浅海砂坝 / 海底扇 / 砂体叠置关系 / 莺歌海组一段 / 乐东地区 / 莺歌海盆地
sedimentary slope break / littoral-shallow marine sand bar / submarine fan / sand body stacking relationship / the 1st member of Yinggehai Formation / Ledong gas field / Yinggehai Basin
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Most major petroliferous basins in China have entered a mature exploration period; the remaining oil and gas resources in non-major provenance areas have become more and more important as being the crucial alternative targets for oil and gas exploration. Howerver, the remaining oil and gas reservoirs in non-major provenance areas are highly concealed and difficult to be identified, which severely restricts the exploration and development of this type of reservoirs. Based on the research idea of "Windfiled-Source-Basin" systematic sedimentology, this paper summarizes a set of accurate identification and prediction methods for subtle high-quality reservoirs. This method focuses on the restoration technique of "six paleogeographic factors" based on "Windfield-Source-Basin" ternary coupling, involving the restoration of paleo-wind direction, paleo-wind strength, paleo-wave conditions, paleogeomorphology, paleo-water depth and ancient provenance. Based on the conventional paleogeographic analysis of above six paleogeographic factors, the restoration of paleo-wind field and paleo-wave field further proposed in this paper can help accurately divide the hydrodynamic zoning of the lake, such as the distribution range of wave base, breaker zone and swash-backwash zone. By superimposing hydrodynamic zoning maps and the restoration maps of paleo-water depth, paleogeomorphology and paleo-provenance, we can accurately classify the genetic types of sedimentary bodies, and solve problems on the plane positioning and scale prediction of reservoirs. The "Windfield-Source-Basin" deposition model and the positioning method of ternary coupling high-quality reservoir solve the problems that when using conventional methods, it is difficult to guide oil and gas exploration in non-major provenance and non-large tectonic areas, and realize the accurate prediction of subtle high-quality reservoirs. |
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