源-储一体是页岩储层有别于常规储层的特性,陆相富有机质页岩层系具有页岩与夹层频繁互层、夹层类型多、有机质类型多样、储层非均质性更强的特点.为查明陆相页岩源-储关系及成因,以四川盆地自流井组页岩为例,采用岩石薄片鉴定、氩离子抛光-扫描电镜鉴定、有机碳含量测定及氦气孔隙度测试等多种实验技术手段,宏观上分析源(TOC)、储(孔隙度)参数的相关性,微观上分析无机矿物、有机质、无机矿物孔及有机质孔(缝)之间的相互作用、相互影响.识别出了3种宏观源-储耦合类型:源-储较高相关型、源-储中等相关型、源-储弱相关型,提出有机质相关孔隙的发育程度决定了源对储贡献的大小,是源与储耦合关系的核心.将宏观-微观相结合,建立了不同岩相组合控制下的陆相页岩源-储耦合发育模式,提出源-储耦合关系的差异对页岩油气的富集程度具有重要控制作用,纯页岩型、页岩夹薄层介壳灰岩型岩相组合的源(TOC较高,有机质类型好)、储(有机质孔相对较多)发育条件好,源与储相关性相对较高,是陆相页岩油气富集最有利的岩相组合类型.

The integration of source and reservoir is the characteristic that shale reservoir is different from conventional reservoir. Continental organic-rich shale system has the characteristics of frequent interbedding between shale and interlayer, various types of interlayer, various types of organic matter and stronger reservoir heterogeneity. In order to find out the source-reservoir relationship of continental shale and its genesis, taking the shale of the Jurassic Ziliujing Formation in Sichuan Basin as an example, various experimental technical means such as rock thin section identification, argon ion polishing scanning electron microscope identification, organic carbon content determination and helium porosity test are used to analyze the correlation of source (TOC)-reservoir (porosity) parameters macroscopically, and interaction among inorganic minerals, organic matter, inorganic pores and organic pores (seams) microscopically. Three macro source-reservoir coupling types are identified: source-reservoir high correlation type, source-reservoir medium correlation type and source-reservoir weak correlation type. It is proposed that the development degree of organic matter-related pores determines the contribution of source to reservoir, which is the core of source-reservoir coupling relationship. Combining macro and micro characteristics, the source-reservoir coupling development model of continental shale under the control of different lithofacies assemblages is established. It is proposed that the difference of source-reservoir coupling relationship plays an important role in controlling the enrichment degree of shale oil and gas. Pure shale type and shale intercalated thin-layer shell limestone type have good development conditions of source (high TOC, favorable organic matter type) and reservoir (there are relatively many organic matter pores), the correlation between source and reservoir is relatively high, which are the most favorable lithofacies assemblages for the enrichment of continental shale oil and gas.